Infoskripsi arrow Reference arrow Differences with the Qualitative Research Quantitative Research Reviewed from Various Aspects




   


Differences with the Qualitative Research Quantitative Research Reviewed from Various Aspects

 

Here are a few differences from the qualitative and quantitative research which is often found in writing scientific papers. In general be distinguished from: purpose, approach, assumption, model description, value, reason, generalization, relationship with the subject of research, value orientation, studies on the context, design, method, hypothetical, measurement, review of literature, background research, sampling, data, and others 


No

Aspect

qualitative

Quantitative

1

Purpose

Make a description of the phenomenon limited objectives and determine whether the phenomenon can be controlled through some intervention

 

Develop understanding of the individual events and take into account the relevant context.

 

2

Purpose

Explain, predict, and / or control the phenomenon through the collection of data focusing on numerical data.

 

Understand social phenomena through holistic picture and reproduce the depth.

 

3

Approach

Explaining the causes of social phenomena through objective measurement and numerical analysis.

Assume that 'subject matter' of a social science is very different from the 'subject matter' of the physical sciences / natural condition and a different destination for inquiry and method of investigation is different. Inductive, contain-value (subjective), holistic, and process-oriented.

 

4

Assumption

Assume that the objectives and methods of social science is the same as the physical sciences / natural way to explore the theory that dites or confirmed that the phenomenon. Deductive, free-value (objective), focused, and goal-oriented.

Behavior is bound context where it occurs and the social reality can not be reduced variables with the same physical reality. Attempt to seek understanding of the reality of the people in terms of perspective; subjectivists receive from the researchers and the-and.

5

Model of description

The finding of social fact does not originate from the subjective perception of and separate from the context.

Efforts to generalize the behavior is not known because people are always bound to the context and should be interpreted case-by-case basis

6

Value

Depending on the explanation hypothetical-deductive theory from the start of hypothetical dites and drawn with the procedures specified in advance.

argued that researchers always bound values and researchers must be explicit about the role that the value of role in the study. Thought that the value of the options that is something inherent in: a) the issues that must be, b) the method that should be examined, c) how to interpret, and d) the context in which the study is located.

 

7

Reason

Researchers can receive the value of a role in the problems that are examined, but the research itself should be free-value with a special procedure designed to isolate and remove the subjective elements and the search for objective reality.

 

Inductive-make interesting observations and conclusions.

 

8

Generalization

Deductive-deductive theory about what will be observed.

Assume that every individual, cultural background is unique and critical appreciation for the uniqueness; generalization depends on the context.

 

9

Relationship with the subject of research

Assume that I can find this' law 'that add to the input that can be trusted and in control of the reality / phenomenon. Search for individual rights in the sample; statistical analysis of trends in claims and behavior tendency is strong enough to have practical value.

 

Researchers are actively interact personally. The process of collecting data can be changed and it depends on the situation. Researchers are free to use intuition and can decide how to formulate questions or how to do the observation. Individuals who are given an opportunity that can be voluntarily submit ideas and perception and even participation in data analysis.

 

10

Value orientation

Researcher’s objectivity is a goal: trying maintaining personal views, beliefs, and ‘biases’ of data collection and analysis process. Involve minimal interaction and interaction if needed (the interview) and try to standardize the process. Role in the study is passive.

 

Believe that all research activities bound value. Not avoid the issue of values, the values expressed in private and tried to open the exhibit value is tied to the context.

11

Studies on the context

Strive to be free from personal values influence the research and design efforts to avoid making decisions about the value of the things examined.

 

Trying to understand a complex phenomenon with a road test in the whole context. Not yet know what that is focused to the study was in progress; identify relevant themes and patterns (which appear), which later became the focus of study. The collection is a little more continuous and more intensive quantitative research.

 

12

Design

Trying to understand a complex phenomenon with a way to analyze the parts component (called variable). Each research effort to test only a few of the possible variables that can be examined; the context of the situation or be ignored. Data collected in several intervals and focused on the exact measurements.

 

Flexible / flexible, developed general, negotiated, as a reference to follow, devoted only in general terms before a study is done. Did not include intervention and interference in order to cope as possible.

 

13

Method

Structured, formal, determined beforehand, not flexible, described in detail before the research is done.

 

Histories, ethnographies, and case studies.

14

Hypothesis

Descriptive, correlation, comparison-causal, and experiment.

 

Tend to, seek and find and conclude hypothetical. Hypothetical views as tentative, evolving, and based on a study.

 

15

Measurement

Almost always test the hypothetical. Hypothetical seen as something special, can test, and stated before the study is done.

 

Work a little subjective, researchers have the ability to observe and to interact with other human beings and the environment; to believe that the human ability to perform the required tasks of a complex world and a very varied and always changing.

 

16

Review of literature

The goal is the measurement of objectivity, member of meaning in the scoring and data collection is not influenced by the values of the researchers, 'bias' and perception, much depends on the test, and the scale of the questionnaire structured that can be placed on the basic conditions for all individuals in the sample and procedures for skoring data are described in appropriate to increase the likelihood of a two-score faithful that have the same results. Finally, raw materials and numerical.

Limited, as the theory of reference, and does not affect the study. Not conducted to test the theory in a way because this is not a theory but find the theory of data.

 

17

Background research

Extensive, with the things that affect the study. Of the theory needed to find the concepts, variables, and managing research hypothetical.

Naturalistic (as is) as far as possible.

18

Sampling

As far as possible be controlled. Theoretical sampling and sampling as much as might be used as a consideration.

Aims: is meant to select a small number, and should not be representative, the sample was intended to lead to understanding in depth.

 

19

Data

Random / random: is meant to select from a large number of individuals in the population included in the sample which is considered to represent. This is used to generalize result in the population. Stratification, the control group, control the variables ektraneus.

Narrative, descriptive, in the words of those examined document time, field notes, artifact, official documents and video-tapes, transcripts.