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Glossary
These is glossary of research key terms. This glossary is intended as an aid to professionals and non-professionals who find the world of research somewhat intimidating. While it is impossible to cover all the terms that can be confusing, this document briefly defines some of the more common terms and concepts.

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Term Definition
Population—all the individuals or cases of interest.
 
Positive correlation
A relationship between two variables where higher values on one variable tend to be associated with higher values on the second variable (e.g. physical activity level and pulse rate).
 
Positive Relationship
a relationship in which large values of one variable tend to go with large values of the other variable and small values of one variable tend to go with small values of the other variable.
 
Positivism
1. Taking a 'positive' approach to research and using scientific approaches. 2. This paradigm assumes that human behaviour is determined by external stimuli and that it is possible to use the principles and methods traditionally employed by the natural scientist to observe and measure social phenomena.
 
Practitioner Enquiry
Purposeful and systematic investigation e.g. action enquiry in the course of practice, desk study, shared reading, DfES Best Practice Research Scholarships.
 
Pragmatism
Problem-solving that relates to everyday concerns. William James distinguished 'knowledge of' and 'knowledge about'.
 
Praxeology
An attempt to establish a nomothetic science of human action where value is seen as individual preference and quantitative prediction is inaccurate and should be about the prediction of patterns that we see through 'imaginary constructions'.
 


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