Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Kurtosis | (Interval/ratio level ) measures the degree of pointedness or flatness of a distribution curve compared to the normal curve where 0 is a normal curve, a plus value is more pointed and a negative value is flatter then a normal curve. |
| Laboratory Experiment | A lab experiment is a study in which you make changes in the independent variable, and then control all the other variables so that only the variable of interest could possibly affect the outcome. For example, if you are interested in the effects of seeing an inspirational film on taking a math test, you can recruit some experimental subjects to come to your theatre, then randomly assign half to see the film, and the other half to see some other film, then give them the test right after the films. |
| Langue | Underlying system of language rules (see also Parole). |
| Level of significance | Used in connection with tests of significance to indicate the probability that a finding could have occurred by chance. Typically used are the .001 level (could have occurred only 1 out of 1000 samples by chance), .01 and .05 level |
| Likert scale | A method used to measure attitudes, which involves respondents indicating their degree of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. Scores are summed to give a composite measure of attitudes. |
| Longitudinal Study | 1. A longitudinal study is where we follow the units of analysis (say, employees) over time, and measure key variables at different points in time. For example, we might measure morale before and after a promotion. 2. a study that focuses on data gathered at two or more points in time |
| Mapping | creating and displaying data on a map of a geographical or political area that uses different patterns or colors to indicate the distribution categories of a variable. |
| Mean | A descriptive statistic used as a measure of central tendency. All scores in a set of scores are added together and divided by the number of subjects. a term that refers to the central tendency, specifically the statistical average of a set of observations (sum of all cases/number of cases). For example if you had the values 1,2,3,4,5 the mean would be 3. The mean is symbolized by roman symbol X for a sample and by the Greek symbol µ for the population. |
| Measure of association | Measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables. |
| Measurement | The generation of data. A process of assigning numbers (or codes) to things such that certain specifiable relationships among the things are reflected in certain relationships among the numbers. For example, when we measure the mass of objects, we assign a number to each object, known as its weight. If the number assigned to object A is 10 and to object B is 20, we can say that object B has twice as much mass as object A. This preservation of ratios works for the way we measure mass, but it doesn't work for the way we (usually) measure temperature. Exactly which kinds of relationships between the numbers is actually reflective of relationships among the objects is what defines the level of the measurement. |
| Measurement scale | Measurement of a phenomenon or property means assigning a number or category to represent it. The methods used to display and/or analyse numerical (quantitative) data will depend on the type of scale used to measure the variable(s). There are four scales of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio. The data associated with each measurement scale are referred to as nominal data, ordinal data, interval data and ratio data respectively. |
| Median | 1. a descriptive statistic used to measure central tendency. The median is the score/value that is exactly in the middle of a distribution (i.e. the value above which and below which 50% of the scores lie). 2. a term that refers to the central tendency or typical score of a bivariate distribution, specifically the median is the numerical value of middle case in a distribution. For example if you had the values 6, 10, 12, 12, 13, 14, 16 the median would be 12. |
| Meta-analysis | A statistical technique for combining and integrating the data derived from a number of experimental studies undertaken on a specific topic. |
| Metaphysical | Ideas that cannot be proven. Knowledge beyond the bounds of experience. |
| Method slurring | This term is used to describe the tendency of some researchers to combine qualitative research approaches without adequately acknowledging the epistemological origins and assumptions that underpin the methodologies they are blending. |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
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Saya pernah mampir makan di sebuah warung di Jombang bersama sahabat saya. Biasa, ngobrol ngalor-ngidul selalu menjadi bumbu perbincangan diantara kami. Tengah asyik ngobrol, tiba-tiba ada orang memakai sarung dan berpeci menghampiri kami berdua. Orang itu kemudian berkata “Dik, di dunia jangan senang-senang, karena bersenang-senang itu tempatnya di syurga. Begitu pula, jangan terlalu susah-susah, karena susah itu tempatnya di neraka”. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pertanyaan “Nah bagaimana kalo kita di dunia? ”. kami berdua diam saja sambil senyum. Akhirnya beliau jawab sendiri “jadi selagi kita hidup di dunia, santai-santai saja” |