Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Phenomenology | 1. A research methodology which has its roots in philosophy and which focuses on the lived experience of individuals. 2. Knowledge is discovered through open, unbiased description of experience. |
| Physicalism | As there is one set of physical things to study (including people) then a common language is feasible to describe all experience. |
| Populasi | Berdasarkan pendapat Arikunto, populasi adalah keseluruhan subjek penelitian. Mantra dan Kasto: “Populasi adalah jumlah keseluruhan dari unit analisa yang ciri-cirinya akan diduga. |
| Population | 1. A well-defined group or set that has certain specified properties (e.g. all registered midwives working full-time in Scotland). 2. In the context of sampling, population refers to the universe of all possible cases. If you are studying the members of IBM, it is the set of all members of IBM. Can be used in contrast to sample. |
| Population Parameters | Number value that represents a summary characteristics of a population (in contrast to the statistics that describe sample data). The Greek letter mu (µ) signifies a population's mean. An example would be: the mean weight of a human population is 135 lbs. |
| Populations | (universe) The complete set of units (individuals, groups, events, families, cities, counties, automobiles that a researcher wants to study, make statements about , or refer to in his/her hypotheses and conclusions. |
| Population— | all the individuals or cases of interest. |
| Positive correlation | A relationship between two variables where higher values on one variable tend to be associated with higher values on the second variable (e.g. physical activity level and pulse rate). |
| Positive Relationship | a relationship in which large values of one variable tend to go with large values of the other variable and small values of one variable tend to go with small values of the other variable. |
| Positivism | 1. Taking a 'positive' approach to research and using scientific approaches. 2. This paradigm assumes that human behaviour is determined by external stimuli and that it is possible to use the principles and methods traditionally employed by the natural scientist to observe and measure social phenomena. |
| Practitioner Enquiry | Purposeful and systematic investigation e.g. action enquiry in the course of practice, desk study, shared reading, DfES Best Practice Research Scholarships. |
| Pragmatism | Problem-solving that relates to everyday concerns. William James distinguished 'knowledge of' and 'knowledge about'. |
| Praxeology | An attempt to establish a nomothetic science of human action where value is seen as individual preference and quantitative prediction is inaccurate and should be about the prediction of patterns that we see through 'imaginary constructions'. |
| Probability sample | Type of sample in which every individual in the population has a known, nonzero, chance of being selected in the sample. |
| Probability Sampling | Any sampling scheme in which the probability of choosing each individual is the same (or at least known, so it can be readjusted mathematically to be equal). Also called random sampling. Probability samples are more costly to obtain, but are more accurate, and they allow the researcher to calculate the amount of error she can expect. There are three major kinds of probability sampling: simple random sampling (SRS), stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
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Hikmah kelahiran bayi. Kelahiran bayi-bayi mungil menjadi tanda bahwa di tengah dunia yang penuh hiruk-pikuk, penuh politik dan banyak kemerosotan moral ini masih ada kesucian, kemurnian dan kepolosan. Saat itu juga semestinya teringat tentang darimana datangnya misteri kehidupan. |