Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Ratio scale | Scores are assigned on a scale with equal intervals and also a true zero point (e.g. measurement in yards, feet and inches or in metres and centimetres). |
| Rational Choice Theory | All social phenomena as sum of individual choices (and nothing else). People make rational, optimal choices. |
| Rationalism | Truth can be best discovered through reason and rational thought. |
| Reactivity | The ways in which the process of asking people questions affects their answers to other questions. |
| Realism | Things exist, whether or not people are thinking of them. |
| Recode | Classification of a variable's attributes into a smaller number of discrete categories for presentation or in order to test and observe the results of the new classification. An example is the classification of educational achievement into grade 1-12 as category (1) and more then 12 years as category (2). This would allow one to more easily examine data and see if a high school degree made a significant difference. Other examples of recoding include classification of crime rates into (1) High, (2) Medium, and (3) Low. |
| Recoding | The process of combining categories within a variable. |
| Reliability | Reliability is concerned with the consistency and dependability of a measuring instrument, i.e. it is an indication of the degree to which it gives the same answers over time, across similar groups and irrespective of who administers it. A reliable measuring instrument will always give the same result on different occasions assuming that what is being measured has not changed during the intervening period. A number of techniques can be used to ensure the reliability of a standardised measuring instrument such as an attitude questionnaire, personality test or pressure sore risk calculator. These include test-retest, split-half and alternate forms. There are also statistical tests that can be used to assess reliability such as Cronbach Alpha and the Spearman rho correlation coefficient test. |
| Replication | Outcome of elaboration in which the control variable has no effect on the original relationship between the two variables. |
| Replication (elaboration model) | a term used with the elaboration model to refer to the situation where a control variable results in the same distributions for partials that occurred in the original table of dependant by independent. For example if a sample were divided into ethnic groups and a relationship were still found between gender and income. |
| Representativeness | The attempt to ensure that a sample has the same characteristics as the population from which it is selected. Statistically this is sought by random sampling techniques. |
| Research hypothesis | Tthe hypothesis for chi square that states that two variables are related to each other (same as alternative hypothesis). |
| Research method | Specific procedures used to gather and analyse research data. |
| Research methodology | Different approaches to systematic inquiry developed within a particular paradigm with associated epistemological assumptions (e.g. experimental research, grounded theory, ethnomethodology). |
| Research question | A clear statement in the form of a question of the specific issue that a researcher wishes to answer in order to address a research problem. A research problem is an issue that lends itself to systematic investigation through research. |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
Tahukan Anda...
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Raja Viking Harald Bluetooth menyatukan Norwegia dan Denmark; dia tersohor sebagai pembicara hebat; terampil untuk menyatukan orang untuk saling berbicara- tapi ia tidak pernah menduga bahwa ribuah tahun kemudian, suatu teknologi dahsyat akan menggunakan namanya! |