Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Control variable/ (test variable) | a variable you believe to be like the independent variable in that it is also related to the dependent variable (e.g., gender and race both seem to be related to income) and the researcher tries to clarify the relationship between the three variables. The researcher divides (controls) the dataset into sub-groups by categories of the new variable(s) (e.g., gender, an antecedent variable, would divide the dataset into two groups (1) female, (2) male) |
| Convenience sampling (also referred to a | a non-probability sampling strategy that uses the most easily accessible people (or objects) to participate in a study. Purposive/purposeful sampling: a non-probability sampling strategy in which the researcher selects participants who are considered to be typical of the wider population (sometimes referred to as judgmental sampling). |
| Conventionalism | We tend to conform to conventions, remaining within canonized paradigms. |
| Core category | The central category that is used to integrate all the categories identified in grounded theory research. |
| Correlation | 1. The degree of association between two variables. A tendency for variation in one variable to be linked to variation in a second variable. 2. an association or degree of agreement between two or more variables. The relationship may be linear (positive[direct] or negative[inverse]) or curvilinear e.g. the relationship between gender and income is a positive linear relationship |
| Correlation coefficient | A measure of the degree of relationship between two variables. A correlation coefficient lies between +1.0 (indicating a perfect positive relationship), through 0 (indicating no relationship between two variables) to -1.0 (a perfect negative relationship). |
| Cramer's V | Measure of association appropriate when one or both of the variables consists of unordered categories. |
| Credibility | with its connotations of 'truth', credibility can be compared with internal validity in positivist research. A study's credibility is said to be confirmed when the reader recognises the situation described by a research study as closely related to their own experience (sometimes referred to as confirmability). |
| Criterion-related validity | Requires the researcher to identify a relevant criterion or 'gold standard', which is itself reliable and valid, to provide an independent check of the new measure (i.e. to compare the results from a well-established and a new measuring instrument). |
| Cross-Sectional Study | 1. A cross-sectional study is where we collect data only once from each unit of analysis. For example, if we want to examine the effects of age on attitude towards abortion, we collect attitude data from people of all ages, then see if there is a correlation between age and attitude. This is the opposite of a longitudinal study, where you take a set of young people, then measuring their attitude towards abortion every few years as they get older. 2. a study that includes data gathered at one point in time. |
| Crosstabulation | Table showing the number of cases in each combination of categories of the column and row variables (same as contingency table). |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
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