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Glossary
These is glossary of research key terms. This glossary is intended as an aid to professionals and non-professionals who find the world of research somewhat intimidating. While it is impossible to cover all the terms that can be confusing, this document briefly defines some of the more common terms and concepts.

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Term Definition
Ideal tipeSimple generalization that accepts complexity and its own imperfection.
 
IdealismWe construct our own reality. To study people is to study that construction.
 
Idiographic (or Ideographic)
The individualized method of cultural sciences for depicting particular circumstances (like particularism).
 
Inclusion
The successful education of all students (whether with or without disabilities, disadvantages, etc.) together in the same schools and classrooms, while celebrating the resulting diversity, including various abilities and cultures.
 
Incommensurable
Two paradigms are incommensurable in that the criteria of one cannot be used to judge the truth of the other.
 
Independent variable
1. The variable (or antecedent) that is assumed to cause or influence the dependent variable(s) or outcome. The independent variable is manipulated in experimental research to observe its effect on the dependent variable(s). It is sometimes referred to as the treatment variable. 2. the causal variable in a hypothesized relationship, it is proposed to be independent of, prior to, deterministic of, a dependant variable e.g. in a hypothesized relationship between gender and income, gender is an independent variable in that it is prior to and thought to be a determiner of income. 3. the variable that affects another variable.
 
Index
composite measures of variables, a sum of individual variables that represent a more general variable. For example the FBI Crime index, a summary of criminal offenses reported, and the seven majors index (same as the FBI Crime index but does not include arson or thefts under $200).
 


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