Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Population Parameters | Number value that represents a summary characteristics of a population (in contrast to the statistics that describe sample data). The Greek letter mu (µ) signifies a population's mean. An example would be: the mean weight of a human population is 135 lbs. |
| Populations | (universe) The complete set of units (individuals, groups, events, families, cities, counties, automobiles that a researcher wants to study, make statements about , or refer to in his/her hypotheses and conclusions. |
| Population— | all the individuals or cases of interest. |
| Positive correlation | A relationship between two variables where higher values on one variable tend to be associated with higher values on the second variable (e.g. physical activity level and pulse rate). |
| Positive Relationship | a relationship in which large values of one variable tend to go with large values of the other variable and small values of one variable tend to go with small values of the other variable. |
| Positivism | 1. Taking a 'positive' approach to research and using scientific approaches. 2. This paradigm assumes that human behaviour is determined by external stimuli and that it is possible to use the principles and methods traditionally employed by the natural scientist to observe and measure social phenomena. |
| Practitioner Enquiry | Purposeful and systematic investigation e.g. action enquiry in the course of practice, desk study, shared reading, DfES Best Practice Research Scholarships. |
| Pragmatism | Problem-solving that relates to everyday concerns. William James distinguished 'knowledge of' and 'knowledge about'. |
| Praxeology | An attempt to establish a nomothetic science of human action where value is seen as individual preference and quantitative prediction is inaccurate and should be about the prediction of patterns that we see through 'imaginary constructions'. |
| Probability sample | Type of sample in which every individual in the population has a known, nonzero, chance of being selected in the sample. |
| Probability Sampling | Any sampling scheme in which the probability of choosing each individual is the same (or at least known, so it can be readjusted mathematically to be equal). Also called random sampling. Probability samples are more costly to obtain, but are more accurate, and they allow the researcher to calculate the amount of error she can expect. There are three major kinds of probability sampling: simple random sampling (SRS), stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
Tahukan Anda...
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Zakat menurut bahasa artinya adalah “berkembang” (an namaa`) atau “pensucian” (at tath-hiir). Adapun menurut syara’, zakat adalah hak yang telah ditentukan besarnya yang wajib dikeluarkan pada harta-harta tertentu (haqqun muqaddarun yajibu fi amwalin mu’ayyanah) (Zallum, 1983 : 147). |