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Glossary
These is glossary of research key terms. This glossary is intended as an aid to professionals and non-professionals who find the world of research somewhat intimidating. While it is impossible to cover all the terms that can be confusing, this document briefly defines some of the more common terms and concepts.

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Term Definition
Rancangan Penelitian Rancangan penelitian diartikan sebagai strategi mengatur latar penelitian agar penelitian memperoleh data yang valid sesuai dengan karakteristik variabel dan tujuan penelitian.’ PPKI (2000:15)
 
Random sampling
A process of selecting a sample whereby each member of the population has an equal chance of being included.
 
Random-digit dialing
Method of selecting telephone numbers for a sample, numbers are dialed randomly within working exchanges (i.e., the first three digits of a telephone number).
 
Randomisation
The random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups (i.e. the allocation to groups is determined by chance).
 
Randomised controlled trial (RCT)
In a RCT, participants are randomly assigned either to an intervention group (e.g. a drug treatment) or to a control group (e.g. a placebo treatment). Both groups are followed up over a specified period of time and the effects of the intervention on specific outcomes (dependent variables) defined at the outset are analysed (e.g. serum cholesterol levels, death rates, remission rates).
 
Range
1. A measure of variability indicating the difference between the highest and lowest values in a distribution of scores. 2.  (requires ordinal measurement) a measure of dispersion; the lowest possible value (minimum) to the highest possible value (maximum) or a number representing the difference between the highest and lowest value for a set of observations. For example the weight range for a sample of adults could be 90 lbs. (minimum) to 300lbs (maximum)or expressed as the difference between 300 and 90 as a range of 210.
 
Rate
The number of occurrences of an event for a standard base, e.g. electrical rate (cost of .06898 for each kilowatt per day), water rate (cost per 1000 gallons of water used), crime rate (number of crimes per 100,000 population)
 


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