Glossary | |
| These is glossary of research key terms. | |
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| Term | Definition |
| Test-retest reliability | A means of assessing the stability of a research instrument by calculating the correlation between scores obtained on repeated administrations. |
| Text | A piece of communication. It can be a word, a sentence, a picture, a symbol, etc. |
| Theme | A recurring issue that emerges during the analysis of qualitative data. |
| Theoretical Framework | 1. A theoretical framework is a theoretical perspective. It can be simply a theory, but it can also be more general -- a basic approach to understanding something. Typically, a theoretical framework defines the kinds of variables that you will want to look at. 2. The conceptual underpinning of a research study which may be based on theory or a specific conceptual model (in which case it may be referred to as the conceptual framework). |
| Theoretical notes | Notes about the observer's interpretation of observed activities found in field notes. |
| Theoretical sampling | The selection of individuals within a naturalistic research study, based on emerging findings as the study progresses to ensure that key issues are adequately represented. |
| Theory | 1. A general explanation of how something works. A theory says what is related to what and why. A theory is, in part, a collection of related hypotheses. However, a theory also contains a sense of process and mechanism -- a sense of understanding of why and how the variables are related the way they are. Desirable characteristics of a theory include: falsifiability, parsimony, truth, fertility, generality, surprise, and a sense of process or mechanism. 2. In its most general sense a theory describes or explains something. Often it is the answer to 'what', 'when', 'how' or 'why' questions. |
| Thinking skills | "higher-order" cognitive skills that enable human beings to comprehend experiences and information, apply knowledge, express complex concepts, make decisions, criticize and revise unsuitable constructs, and solve problems. |
| Time Allocation Studies | A technique for determining how much time people spend doing different activities. Basically what you do is arrive at specific locations at random intervals and record what everyone is doing. Or, you don't arrive at a particular location but instead go find a specific individual and record what that individual is doing. For example, your theory might require you to know how much time the manager spends on a set of key activities, such as writing reports, talking in meetings, or socializing. |
| Transferability | Equivalent to external validity in positivist research (it may also be referred to as applicability). A study is said to be transferable if the findings 'fit' contexts beyond the immediate study situation. In order to transfer the findings elsewhere, readers need sufficient information to be able to assess the extent to which a specific research setting is similar to other settings. |
| Trend study | a study that uses cross-sections at two or more points in time to examine change over time. |
| Triangulation | This term is used in a research context to describe the use of a variety of data sources or methods to examine a specific phenomenon either simultaneously or sequentially in order to produce a more accurate account of the phenomenon under investigation. |
| Trope | A non-literal use of words to convey meaning such as metaphor or metonymy (eg. 'crown' meaning 'king'). |
| Trustworthiness | a term used to describe whether naturalistic research has been conducted in such a way that it gives the reader confidence in the findings. It can be assessed using the following criteria. |
| Type I error | An error that occurs when a researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is true and concludes that a statistically significant relationship/difference exists when it does not. |
| Glossary V2.0 | |
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Pemahaman diri masing-masing pribadi biasanya diarahkan pada kecerdasan yang menonjol/dominan pada dirinya. Misal: (1) orang logis matematik, memandang dirinya secara analitis. (2) orang linguistik, memandang diri/mendefinisikan diri dengan kata-kata (3) orang kinestetik, merasakan realita pada tulang belulang melalui gerak tubuh. Sebuah kekeliruan apabila kita menilai orang lain melalui kebiasaan atau kecerdasan bawaan yang sama dengan diri kita. Hal ini menyalahi/tidak sesuai dengan “teori kecerdasan majemuk yang validasi tertingginya adalah perbedaan individu.”
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